17.30.060 BUILDING TYPES

A. Introduction to Building Type Standards 1. Introduction. The Building Types detailed in this section outline the required building forms for new construction or upon development agreement. 2. General Requirements. All Building Types must meet the following requirements. a. Allowed Building Types In the Town Center for allowable building types (Commercial). b. Uses. Each building type can house a variety of uses as found in section 17.30.050 of this chapter. Some building types have additional limitations on permitted uses. c. No Other Building Types. All buildings constructed must meet the requirements of one of the building types permitted within the Town Center District unless modified by a development agreement. d. Permanent Structures. All buildings constructed shall be permanent construction without a chassis, hitch, or wheels, or other features that would make the structure mobile, unless otherwise noted. e. Accessory Structures. 1. Attached accessory structures are considered part of the principal structure. 2. Detached accessory structures are permitted per each building type and shall comply with all setbacks except the following: i. Detached accessory structures are not permitted in the front yard. ii. Detached accessory structures shall be located behind the principal structure in the rear yard. iii. Detached accessory structures shall not exceed one story. 3. Accessory structures shall be built in a manner compatible with the primary building. B. Explanation of Building Type Table Standards The following explains and further defines the standards outlined on the tables for each building type. 1. Building Siting. The following explains the line item requirements for each Building Type Table within the first section entitled “Building Siting.” a. Multiple Principal Structures. The allowance of more than one principal structure on a lot. b. Building Frontage Requirement. Measuring front property line coverage. Measurement defining the minimum percentage of street facing wall or building facade required along the street. The width of the principal structure(s) shall be divided by the maximum width of the front property line or block (for larger projects). Plazas or courtyards open to the public do not count against the building frontage and are subtracted from width of the front property line. The minimum building frontage requirement is 50% (this does not apply to the Highway). c. Occupation of Corner. Occupying the intersection of the front and corner setbacks with a principal structure. d. Front Setback. The setback parallel to the front property line. Building components, such as awnings or signage, are permitted to encroach beyond the setback. 1. All setback areas not covered by building must contain either landscape, patio space, or sidewalk space. e. Corner Setbacks. The setback parallel to the side property line. 1. All setback areas not covered by building must contain either landscape, patio space, or sidewalk space. f. Minimum Side Yard Setback. The minimum required setback along a side property line. g. Minimum Rear Yard Setback. The minimum required setback along a rear property line. h. Minimum & Maximum Lot or Building Width. Depending on the building type, either the minimum or maximum building or unit width will be noted or the minimum and maximum width of a lot, all measured at or parallel to the front property line. i. Parking & Loading Location. The yard in which a surface parking lot, detached garage, attached garage door access, loading and unloading, and associated drive is permitted. j. Vehicular Access. The permitted means of vehicular ingress and egress to the lot. 1. Lanes shall always be the primary means of access when present. 2. When lanes are not present, a driveway may be permitted per building type and, if an alternative is available, shall not be located off a primary thoroughfare. k. Building Site Location. Buildings shall be sited to face the street with parking lots on the side or rear. At street or drive intersections the buildings shall be located directly on the corner with parking in the rear. 1. On street buildings are those located within the front setback. 2. Off street buildings are those located beyond the front setback and are only allowed when on street buildings exist in front. 3. All off street buildings shall be set back 300 feet. 2. Height. The following explains the line item requirements for each Building Type Table within the second section entitled “Height.” a. Minimum Overall Height. The minimum overall height for the building shall be located within the setbacks; stories above the required minimum height may be stepped back from the facade. b. Maximum Overall Height. The sum of a building’s total maximum height. 1. Half stories are located dormer style completely within the roof structure with street-facing windows or in a visible basement exposed a maximum of one half story above ground. That portion which is visible above ground level shall be included in the overall height. c. Ground Story and Upper Story, minimum and maximum height. Each frontage type includes a permitted range of height in feet for each story. Additional information is as follows: 1. Floor height is measured in feet between the floor of a story to the floor of the story above it. 2. Floor height requirements apply only to street-facing facades. 3. For single story buildings and the uppermost story of a multiple story building, floor to floor height shall be measured from the floor of the story to the tallest point of the ceiling. 3. Uses. The following explains the line item requirements for each Building Type Table within the third section entitled “Uses.” Refer to section 17.30.050 of this chapter. The requirements in this section of the Building Type Tables may limit those uses within a specific building type. a. Ground and Upper Story. The uses or category of uses which may occupy the ground and/or upper story of a building. b. Parking Within Building. The area(s) of a building in which parking is permitted within the structure. c. Required Occupied Space. The area(s) of a building that shall be designed as occupied space, defined as interior building space regularly occupied by the building users. It does not include storage areas, utility space, or parking. 4. Facade Requirements. The following explains the line item requirements for each within the fourth section entitled “Facade Requirements.” Building facades facing public or private rights-of-way are considered “A” frontages and will receive the best treatment as outlined in this section. “B” frontages such as those facing an alley or side yard should be treated in a compatible manner. a. Minimum Ground Story and Upper Floor Transparency. The minimum amount of transparency required on street facades with street frontage. 1. Transparency is any glass in windows and/or doors, including any mullions, that is highly transparent with low reflectance. 2. Ground Story Transparency, when defined separately from the overall minimum transparency, shall be measured between the base of building and ten feet from the average grade at the base of the front facade. 3. A general Minimum Transparency requirement shall be measured from floor to floor of each story. b. Blank Wall Limitations. A restriction of the amount of windowless area permitted on a facade with street frontage. If required, the following shall both be met for each story: 1. No rectangular area greater than 30% of a story’s facade, as measured from floor to floor, may be windowless. 2. No horizontal segment of a story’s facade greater than 15 feet in width may be windowless. c. Entrance Type. The Entrance Type(s) permitted for the entrance(s) of a given building type. A mix of permitted entrance types may be utilized. d. Principal Entrance Location. The facade on which the primary building entrance is to be located. e. Vertical Facade Divisions. The use of a vertically oriented expression line or form to divide the facade into increments no greater than the dimension shown, as measured along the base of the facade. Elements may include a column, pilaster, facade setbacks, or other continuous vertical ornamentation a minimum of one and a half inch (1.5”) depth. f. Horizontal Facade Divisions. The use of a horizontally oriented expression line or form to divide portions of the facade into horizontal divisions. Elements may include a cornice, belt course, molding, string courses, or other continuous horizontal ornamentation a minimum of one and a half inch depth. g. Side, rear, and interior facades will be of finished quality and of the same color and materials that blend with the front of the building. However, building facades facing a street or open space will be considered “A” frontages and will receive the best treatment, whereas “B” frontages such as those facing an alley or side yard should be treated in a compatible manner. 5. Roof Type. The following explains the line item requirements for each Building Type Table within the fifth section entitled “Roof Types.” a. Permitted Roof Type. The roof type(s) permitted for a given building type. b. Tower. A vertical building extension that may be permitted in conjunction with another roof type on certain building types and located on a main street intersection. C. Commercial 1. Description & Intent. This building type is intended to accommodate the need for goods and services that are associated with and generally accessed by a vehicle. 2. Regulations. Regulations for the Commercial Building Type are defined in the table below. D. Entrance Types Entrance type standards apply to the ground story and visible basement of front facades of all building types as defined in this chapter. 1. General. The following provisions apply to all entrance types. a. Intent. To guide the design of the ground story of all buildings to relate appropriately to pedestrians on the street. Treatment of other portions of the building facades is detailed in each building type standard. b. Applicability. The entire ground story street-facing facade(s) of all buildings shall meet the requirements of at least one of the permitted entrance types, unless otherwise stated. c. Primary Entrance. All primary entrances to all buildings are required to have a five foot (5’) minimum protective entrance for the purpose of protecting the user from precipitation and snow roof slides and may encroach on the front setback. Protective entrances may include gables, awnings, overhanging structures, recessed entries, etc. d. Measuring Transparency. Refer to section 17.30.060B4 of this chapter for information on measuring building transparency. e. Visible Basements. Visible basements, permitted by entrance type, are optional. The visible basement shall be a maximum of one-half the height of the tallest story. 2. Storefront Entrance Type. The storefront entrance type is a highly transparent ground story treatment designed to serve primarily as the display area and primary entrance for retail or service uses. a. Transparency. Minimum transparency is required per Building Type. b. Elevation. Storefront elevation shall be between zero and one foot above sidewalk. c. Visible Basement. A visible basement is not permitted. d. Horizontal Facade Division. Horizontally define the ground story facade from the upper stories. e. Recessed Entrance. These entries shall be recessed from the front facade closest to the street. 1. Recess shall be a minimum of three feet and a maximum of eight feet deep, measured from the portion of the front facade closest to the street. 2. When the recess falls behind the front setback, the recess shall be no wider than eight feet. E. Roof Types Roof type standards apply to the roof and cap of all building types as defined in this Section. 1. General Provisions. The following provisions apply to all roof types. a. Intent. To guide the design of the caps of all buildings. b. Applicability. All buildings shall meet the requirements of one of the roof types permitted for the building type. c. Measuring Height. Refer to section 17.30.060B4 of this chapter for information on measuring building height. d. Other Roof Types. Other building caps not listed as a specific type may be made by a request to the City Planner with the following requirements: 1. The roof type shall not create additional occupied space beyond that permitted by the building type, except for private open space. 2. The shape of the roof type shall be significantly different from those defined in this chapter. e. Solar panels are permitted for all roof types. 2. Parapet Roof Type. A parapet is a low wall projecting above a building’s roof along the perimeter of the building. It can be utilized with a flat or low pitched roof and also serves to limit the view of rooftop mechanical systems from the street. a. Parapet Height. Height is measured from the top of the upper story to the top of the parapet. 1. Minimum height is two feet with a maximum height of six feet. 2. The parapet shall be high enough to screen the roof and any roof appurtenances from view of the street(s). b. Horizontal Expression Lines. An expression line shall define the parapet from the upper stories of the building and shall also define the top of the cap. c. Occupied Space. Occupied space shall not be incorporated behind this roof type. 3. Pitched Roof Type. This roof type has a sloped or pitched roof. Slope is measured with the vertical rise divided by the horizontal span or run. a. Pitch Measure. The roof may not be sloped less than a 4:12 (rise/run) or more than 8:12. 1. Slopes less than 4:12 are permitted to occur on second story or higher roofs. b. Configurations. 1. Hipped, gabled, and combination of hips and gables with or without dormers are permitted. 2. Butterfly roofs (inverted gable roof) are permitted with a maximum height of eight feet (8’), inclusive of overhang. 3. Gambrel and mansard roofs are not permitted. c. Parallel Ridge Line. A gabled end or perpendicular ridge line shall occur at least every one hundred feet (100’) of roof when the ridge line runs parallel to the front lot line. d. Roof Height. Roofs without occupied space and/or dormers shall have a maximum height on street-facing facades equal to the maximum floor height permitted for the building type. e. Occupied Space. Occupied space may be incorporated behind this roof type. 4. Flat Roof Type. This roof type has a flat roof with overhanging eaves. a. Configuration. Roofs with no visible slope are acceptable. Eaves are required on all street facing facades. b. Eave Depth. Eave depth is measured from the building facade to the outside edge of the eave. Eaves shall have a depth of at least fourteen inches (14”). c. Eave Thickness. Eave thickness is measured at the outside edge of the eave, from the bottom of the eave to the top of the eave. Eaves shall be a minimum of eight inches (8”) thick. d. Interrupting Vertical Walls. Vertical walls may interrupt the eave and extend above the top of the eave with no discernible cap. 1. No more than one-half of the front facade can consist of an interrupting vertical wall. 2. Vertical walls shall extend no more than four feet (4’) above the top of the eave. e. Occupied Space. Occupied space shall not be incorporated behind this roof type. 5. Towers. A tower is a rectilinear or cylindrical, vertical element, that must be used with other roof types. a. Quantity. All Building Types, with the exception of the Institutional Building, are limited to one tower per building. b. Tower Height. Maximum height, measured from the top of the parapet or eave to the top of the tower, is the equivalent of the height of one upper floor of the building to which the tower is applied. c. Tower Width. Maximum width along all facades is one-third the width of the front facade or thirty feet (30’); whichever is less. d. Horizontal Expression Lines. An expression line shall define the tower from the upper stories, except on single family or attached house residential building types. e. Application. May be combined with all other roof types. f. Tower Cap. The tower may be capped by the parapet, pitched, low pitched, or flat roof types, or the spire may cap the tower. F. Additional Design and Mix Standards The following outlines the Millville City design standards that affect a building’s appearance and place cohesiveness. They improve the physical quality of buildings, enhance the pedestrian experience, and protect the character of the Town Center. 1. Materials and Color. a. Primary Facade Materials. 50% of facade on front and street facing sides and 20% of facade on all other sides shall be constructed of primary materials. For facades over 100 square feet, more than one material shall be used to meet the 50% requirement. 1. Permitted primary building materials include high quality, durable, natural materials, such as stone, brick, shingles, architectural concrete, or panel siding and glass. Other high quality synthetic materials may be approved during the site plan process with an approved sample and examples of successful, high quality local installations. b. Secondary Facade Materials. Secondary materials are limited to details and accents and include gypsum reinforced fiber concrete for trim and cornice elements; metal for beams, lintels, trim, and ornamentation, and exterior architectural metal panels and cladding. 1. Exterior Insulation and Finishing Systems (EIFS) is permitted for trim only or on upper floor facades, up to 40% of total. 2. Up to 60% stucco permitted on building facades. The city planner may approve a higher percentage. 3. The city planner may accept materials not covered in this section and modify the exterior materials and colors requirements, if architectural improvement is clearly demonstrated. c. Roof Materials. Acceptable roof materials include 300 pound or better, dimensional asphalt composite shingles, wood shingles and shakes, metal tiles or standing seam, slate, and ceramic tile. “Engineered” wood or slate may be approved during the site plan process with an approved sample and examples of successful, high quality local installations. d. Color. Main building colors shall be complementary to the themes of the Town Center. e. Appropriate Grade of Materials. Commercial quality doors, windows, and hardware shall be used on all building types in the Town Center. f. Not allowed materials list: vinyl or aluminum siding, highly reflective metal, mirrored windows, plain cement block, fiber cement board. 2. Awnings, and Shutters. a. Awnings. All awnings shall be canvas or metal. Plastic and roll out awnings are not permitted. Awning types and colors for each building face shall be coordinated. b. Shutters. If installed, shutters, whether functional or not, shall be sized for the windows. If closed, the shutters shall not be too small for complete coverage of the window. Shutters shall be wood or metal. 3. Balconies, Patios, and Porches. The following applies in all locations where balconies, patios, and/ or porches are incorporated into the facade design facing any street or parking lot. a. Size. Balconies. Patios, and Porches, shall be a minimum of 50 square feet, with a minimum depth of 5 feet. b. Connection to Building. Balconies that are not integral to the facade shall be independently secured and unconnected to other balconies. c. Railings. May vary and may promote privacy within the balcony; railings do not have to be open. d. Projection of Balconies. Balconies may be cantilevered for up to 2 feet; projection of up to 6 feet into the setback is permitted, but not over the public right of way. 4. First Story Differentiation and Building Variety For Storefront and Single Purpose Buildings, architectural features or material changes are required to differentiate the first floor from other floors. Where building step backs are used, such variations may be extended to the step back. Building design shall vary between vertical facade divisions, where required per the Building Types, and from adjacent buildings by the type of dominant material or color, scale, or orientation of that material and at least two of the following. a. The proportion of recesses and projections. b. The location of the entrance and window placement, unless storefronts are utilized. c. Roof type, plane, or material, unless otherwise stated in the building type requirements. d. Changes to bay or box windows where none exist or substantial changes to those features 5. Drive-through Drive through window and driving lanes shall be located on the side or rear of the building, and not on any street facing side. 6. Pedestrian Circulation. Walkability principles shall be adhered to on-site and to the rest of the city. These pathways shall be an intuitive route and include pedestrian cues such as distinct paving, lighting, signage, and landscaping. Pedestrian circulation shall be included in designs to the greatest degree possible. 7. Meters and Equipment Placement. Equipment shall be screened from view and not located on a public street. 8. Waste Containers. Waste Containers shall be located out of public view, a minimum of ten feet (10’) from any property line and screened with landscaping and/or a structure that is compatible with the theme of the adjacent building.